Tianlian I-01 Satellite Overview

Tianlian I-01 is China’s first geostationary data relay satellite, marking the beginning of the Tianlian (Space Relay) satellite network. It is operated by the China Satellite Launch and Tracking Control General (CLTC) and was launched on April 25, 2008, aboard a Long March 3C (CZ-3C) rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center.

Developed by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) and based on the DFH-3 satellite platform, the satellite provides real-time data relay, telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) services. It enables continuous communication between ground stations and spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO), significantly improving mission coverage and efficiency.

Tianlian I-01 supports key Chinese space missions, including:

• Shenzhou crewed spaceflights
• Early Tiangong space laboratory missions
• Various Earth observation and scientific satellites

Operating in geostationary orbit (GEO), the satellite reduces communication blackouts by providing near-continuous contact with orbiting spacecraft, enhancing safety and operational capability.

As the first satellite in the Tianlian series, Tianlian I-01 laid the foundation for China’s space-based relay communication system, similar in function to NASA’s TDRSS, and paved the way for the expanded Tianlian I and II constellations.